Upload, list, retrieve and delete lab marker results
Types of markers
There are two distinct types of lab markers against which you can populate your lab results:
- Numeric
- e.g. "Vitamin K", denoted by numeric value and unit
- Discrete
- e.g. "Hepatitis B Surface Antibody, Qualitative", denoted by a discrete value, like "Positive" or "Negative"
Each type of marker and their associated results have a slightly different set of fields.
Listing markers
To get a list of all biomarkers supported by SD, call the /marker-summary/ endpoint.
Sample response
[
{
"id": "499493ce-2ea4-52ba-01c5-2e2cb61fa00f",
"name": "Vitamin K",
"synonyms": [
"Vitamin K1",
"Phylloquinone"
],
"resource_type": "NumericMarker",
"reports": [
"833e7db6-e7ba-405a-b6b0-1a86f6a5e032",
"6c82e564-0750-47ba-953e-161db9c9acf3",
"..."
],
"need_time_of_day": false,
"need_menstrual_phase": false,
"units": [
{
"id": "6b0404f2-b094-90b8-6b01-a1c12a3a2107",
"name": "ng/mL"
},
{
"id": "3bb427c1-a1da-059d-2ad1-245c92010b38",
"name": "nmol/L"
},
{
"id": "055665f0-fbb3-e84e-0ef1-52125425b7b2",
"name": "pg/mL"
}
],
},
{
"id": "561b1172-190f-2327-900e-58363dadf2e8",
"name": "Cortisol",
"synonyms": [],
"resource_type": "NumericMarker",
"reports": [
"3bafcd1e-fd0d-4467-8764-744f9125ad13",
"f6f273a3-3258-47ab-ae0d-ca94bba4023d",
"..."
],
"need_time_of_day": true,
"need_menstrual_phase": false,
"units": [
{
"id": "5bc8fbbc-bde5-c099-4164-d8399f767c45",
"name": "ug/dL"
},
{
"id": "6b0404f2-b094-90b8-6b01-a1c12a3a2107",
"name": "ng/mL"
},
...
],
},
{
"id": "8ee2ffbc-8b4f-f15b-c5fa-971249ea5f92",
"name": "Hep B Surface Ab, Qual",
"synonyms": [
"Hepatitis B Surface Antibody, Qualitative",
"Hepatitis Bs Antibody"
],
"resource_type": "DiscreteMarker",
"reports": [],
"need_time_of_day": false,
"need_menstrual_phase": false,
"discrete_values": [
{
"id": "c9b5dfe5-865a-86bb-eaab-ef5c6e09ff05",
"name": "Negative"
},
{
"id": "c3db2246-4cf5-3186-82be-5d12a34268c7",
"name": "Positive"
}
]
}
]
Resource type
Each item in the list has the resource_type field, with the its value set to either NumericMarker or DiscreteMarker depending on the type of marker it is.
Related reports
The response also contains the list of report IDs linked to the marker.
Units and Discrete Values
Each numeric marker has one or more units returned in the units array of objects.
Each discrete marker has multiple discrete values returned in the discrete_values array of objects.
Time of day
Certain markers, like "Cortisol", require the time_of_day to be input at the time of uploading their result. The need_time_of_day field is set to true for those markers. For most markers, it is not required. Refer to the next section to know more about the values that can be provided for the time of day when uploading results.
Menstrual phase
Certain markers, like "Estradiol", require the menstrual_phase to be input at the time of uploading their result. The need_menstrual_phase field is set to true for those markers. For most markers, it is not required. Possible values: "follicular", "ovulation", "luteal", "postmenopausal".
Uploading lab marker results
Synchronous
To upload your lab results against any of the markers returned above, you'll have to group numeric markers and discrete markers separately. Use the /numeric-result/bulk-create/ endpoint to upload numeric marker results, and /discrete-result/bulk-create/ endpoint to upload discrete results. These endpoints support up to 25 results in a single batch.
Asynchronous
For larger payloads, use /numeric-result/async-bulk-create/ and /discrete-result/async-bulk-create/ respectively. They accept the same payload and return an empty 202 response. Query the result endpoint to get your uploaded results.
Duplicates
Non-archived results with marker, profile, date and outcome (unit + value for numeric, discrete_value for discrete) are considered duplicates. If a duplicate already exists, a new result will not be created, but the existing result returned instead. In general, the response results will match the order of the request; however, preexisting duplicates will be placed last.
If the request itself contains duplicates, they will be silently ignored and only one result created.
Sample requests with payload
POST /numeric-result/bulk-create/
[
{
"profile_id": "91997a8b-f8d8-4a02-b207-25c7258ba6ee",
"taken_at": "2024-05-23",
"marker_id": "98711d84-93fb-fec3-0f6a-6b17929463a5", // ID of marker for which you want to input result for
"value": 20,
"unit_id": "db5b5fab-8f4d-3e27-dda1-494c73cf256d" // one of unit IDs obtained from `units` under response of /marker-summary/ for this marker
},
{
"profile_id": "91997a8b-f8d8-4a02-b207-25c7258ba6ee",
"taken_at": "2024-05-23",
"marker_id": "499493ce-2ea4-52ba-01c5-2e2cb61fa00f",
"value": 10,
"unit_id": "055665f0-fbb3-e84e-0ef1-52125425b7b2"
},
{
"profile_id": "91997a8b-f8d8-4a02-b207-25c7258ba6ee",
"taken_at": "2024-06-30",
"marker_id": "561b1172-190f-2327-900e-58363dadf2e8",
"value": 20,
"unit_id": "5bc8fbbc-bde5-c099-4164-d8399f767c45",
"time_of_day": "morning" // other possible values: "evening", "afternoon"
},
{
"profile_id": "91997a8b-f8d8-4a02-b207-25c7258ba6ee",
"taken_at": "2024-06-30",
"marker_id": "c7a83b5e-1234-5678-9abc-def012345678",
"value": 150,
"unit_id": "a1b2c3d4-e5f6-7890-abcd-ef1234567890",
"menstrual_phase": "follicular" // other possible values: "ovulation", "luteal", "postmenopausal"
}
]
While uploading numeric results, you can use any of the available units for the numeric marker, and enter a corresponding value accordingly.
POST /discrete-result/bulk-create/
[
{
"profile_id": "91997a8b-f8d8-4a02-b207-25c7258ba6ee",
"taken_at": "2024-05-22",
"marker_id": "a4c3ccae-0d02-a470-c5cd-47f6a15ff3f0", // ID of marker for which you want to input result for
"discrete_value_id": "55d70271-c073-0500-2b26-e11b131826a7" // one of discrete value IDs obtained from `discrete_values` under response of /marker-summary/ for this marker
},
{
"profile_id": "91997a8b-f8d8-4a02-b207-25c7258ba6ee",
"taken_at": "2024-05-22",
"marker_id": "829beddd-f1e3-ce45-77e5-52c51297a3f9",
"discrete_value_id": "8623121d-e0bb-f37a-9459-4d8b75673fca"
}
]
Uploading Results from a File
If you have your lab results in a file (image or PDF), and want to avoid manually inputting each result, you can refer to the Labs OCR guide, which provides an automated way of reading results from your file.
Updating lab results
To edit an existing lab result, you can use the partial update endpoints:
You only need to include the fields you wish to update. The endpoint will return with the full result post update.
Sample request with payload
PATCH /numeric-result/{id}/
{
"taken_at": "2024-06-15",
"value": 22.7
}
Listing lab results
To list all results against your profile, use the /result/ listing endpoint.
Sample response
[
{
"id": "4e856b35-7d49-44be-a6f4-3e057342abc7",
"profile_id": "1c9d1277-464c-438b-8006-3d9d49e8f14b",
"taken_at": "2024-06-27",
"time_of_day": null,
"menstrual_phase": null,
"marker_id": "a5a6c4ee-0ac9-d45f-654b-10529873ea63",
"synonym": "Protein, Urine", // the synonym you chose while uploading result
"is_most_recent": true,
"matched_range_name": "Negative",
"color": "green",
"discrete_value_id": "7b89296c-6dcb-ac50-0857-7eb1924770d3",
"discrete_value_str": "Negative",
"result_type": "DiscreteResult"
},
{
"id": "80d926f9-57bf-48f1-a8f0-989041adc782",
"profile_id": "1c9d1277-464c-438b-8006-3d9d49e8f14b",
"taken_at": "2024-06-27",
"time_of_day": null,
"menstrual_phase": null,
"marker_id": "988a0c48-5979-91d1-7000-368d2534c02d",
"synonym": "Vitamin D, 25-Hydroxy, Total",
"is_most_recent": true,
"matched_range_name": "Optimal",
"color": "green",
"value": 30.0,
"unit_id": "6b0404f2-b094-90b8-6b01-a1c12a3a2107",
"unit_str": "ng/mL",
"result_type": "NumericResult"
},
{
"id": "6bb2a32d-f3a0-42f0-adc2-8caad1fd6d71",
"profile_id": "1c9d1277-464c-438b-8006-3d9d49e8f14b",
"taken_at": "2024-05-27",
"time_of_day": null,
"menstrual_phase": null,
"marker_id": "988a0c48-5979-91d1-7000-368d2534c02d",
"synonym": "Vitamin D, 25-Hydroxy, Total",
"is_most_recent": false,
"matched_range_name": "Suboptimal",
"color": "yellow",
"value": 20.0,
"unit_id": "6b0404f2-b094-90b8-6b01-a1c12a3a2107",
"unit_str": "ng/mL",
"result_type": "NumericResult"
}
]
Result type
Each item in the list has the result_type field, with the its value set to either NumericResult or DiscreteResult depending on the type of marker whose result it is.
Multiple results for a single marker and profile
You can upload multiple results against a single marker and profile for different dates. As can be seen in the above response, the "Vitamin D" marker has two entries for the same profile_id, one with taken_at 2024-05-27, and the other with taken_at 2024-06-27. The is_most_recent field is a convenient way to identify the latest result. It is set to True for the most recent result, allowing you to filter and display only the latest results if needed.
Matched range and color
Upon uploading your results, they are assigned a matched_range, and color. These fields are not provided by you, but computed by SD, based on the value you provided for each marker and SD's custom ranges for those markers. For example, the 2nd result in the above response has matched_range_name = "Optimal", because the value "30.0 ng/mL" provided by the user falls under the optimal range in SD's database for "Vitamin D" marker. Some example of other values for the matched range name can be "Suboptimal", "Critical High", "Critical Low", etc.
The color represents the matched range and has the following possible values
greenyelloworangeredmaroon
with green being the most optimal and maroon being the least optimal (critical high or low). Since the result for the vitamin D marker has optimal range, it has the green color.
This information should be enough for listing the results. For more details regarding the ranges, refer to the next section.
Additional filters
You can filter the list of results returned by providing the following additional query parameters:
- marker_id
- color
- most_recent_only
- out_of_optimal
Composing marker result detail page
To be able to display the details associated with a marker result for a specific profile, use the /composed-marker-result/ endpoint. It combines the response of both the marker-summary endpoint and result endpoint for a single marker, along with additional details.
Resource type
The response contains the resource_type field, with its value set to either NumericMarker or DiscreteMarker depending on the type of marker it is. The response structure varies slightly for both.
Sample request for numeric marker
GET /composed-marker-result/?profile_id=1c9d1277-464c-438b-8006-3d9d49e8f14b&marker_id=988a0c48-5979-91d1-7000-368d2534c02d
Sample response for numeric marker
[
{
"id": "988a0c48-5979-91d1-7000-368d2534c02d",
"name": "Vitamin D, 25-Hydroxy, Total",
"synonyms": [
"Vitamin D total",
"Vitamin D, 25-Hydroxy",
"...",
],
"resource_type": "NumericMarker",
"reports": [
"17896b14-4193-4042-8828-ab67ad675817",
"18e86388-1186-4169-8d84-e85e6c1d652b",
"...",
],
"units": [
{
"id": "c963cfe0-afae-5a3b-b909-6a04e7d80068",
"name": "ng/L"
},
{
"id": "6b0404f2-b094-90b8-6b01-a1c12a3a2107",
"name": "ng/mL"
},
...
],
"description": "<p>This test measures the amount of (25-hydroxy) vitamin D in your blood. </p><p> </p><p>Known as the “sunshine vitamin,” vitamin D helps maintain healthy levels of calcium and phosphorus by increasing their absorption in the gut. In this way, vitamin D is critical for bone health [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21664413\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3761874/\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]. Vitamin D also plays a role in muscle strength and performance, immune function, cell production, blood pressure, and insulin secretion [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3761874/\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10746634\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19951695\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2901845/\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>].</p><p> </p><p>Vitamin D is produced by the skin upon exposure to sunlight. It can also be obtained in the diet, or through vitamin supplements [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2583388/\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>].</p><p> </p><p>Your skin first produces vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol), which is then activated in the liver and kidneys. More specifically, liver converts vitamin D into 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D), the major circulating form of vitamin D. This form is then converted in the kidneys to the active 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D form [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2879391/\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK56061/\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]. </p><p> </p><p>Vitamin D can be stored in fat tissue and is found throughout the body including bones, kidneys, heart, stomach, liver, skin, brain, ovaries, and testes [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2879391/\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK56061/\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>].</p><p> </p><p>Although 1,25-dihydroxy is the active form of vitamin D, its levels can be normal or even high in people who are otherwise deficient in overall vitamin D. For this reason, active vitamin D is not a good measurement of your vitamin D status [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2665033/\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]. Instead, 25-hydroxyvitamin D is more often used to determine if your vitamin D levels are healthy or abnormal [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2665033/\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>].</p><p> </p><p>Doctors will usually perform a vitamin D blood test to diagnose bone problems, detect potential parathyroid gland dysfunction, or monitor the condition of people with diseases that interfere with fat absorption in the intestines (such as Crohn’s disease) [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27065162\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2835491/\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]. </p><p> </p><p>Vitamin D tests are also used to screen people who are at high risk of deficiency, such as [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2835491/\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3356951/\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]:</p><ul><li>People who don't get enough sun</li><li>Older people</li><li>Obese people</li><li>People with darker skin</li><li>Vegans</li><li>Pregnant women and breastfed children</li></ul>",
"related_markers": [],
"need_time_of_day": false,
"need_menstrual_phase": false,
"area": [
"reproductive health",
"urinary tract health",
"...",
],
"reference_range_explained": "<p><span style=\"color:#000000;\">The optimal level of Vitamin D, 25-Hydroxy for the lowest all-cause mortality, varies across different studies:</span></p><ul><li style=\"list-style-type:disc;\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\">The CopD study found a reverse J-shaped association between serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and all-cause mortality, indicating both a lower and upper limit to beneficial levels. The lowest mortality risk was associated with serum 25(OH)D levels of 20-24 ng/mL. Levels significantly lower (4 ng/mL) or higher (56 ng/mL) than this range were associated with increased mortality risks [</span><a style=\"text-decoration:none;\" href=\"https://academic.oup.com/jcem/article/97/8/2644/2823270?login=false\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc;\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000;\">].</span></li></ul><p style=\"margin-left:48px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><img src=\"https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/U150_eb9w4HmKlFfbLtKboP46Hsntde9tQ10jzmDrbhQkasYUG8oPhrsr2NwnaZxM6T8xYlZmvCDPC45Xc0d--AgA-eshXcrOGNHHJX2-v4gahmy6nnTwPcfIasz-0Val4BLBHvd3z8NTGnAWC5oGXU\" width=\"373\" height=\"312\"></span></p><ul><li style=\"list-style-type:disc;\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\">A UK Biobank study showed non-linear inverse associations between 25(OH)D levels and mortality, with the risk decreasing at 60 nmol/L (24 ng/mL) for death from any cause and heart disease, and at 45 nmol/L (18 ng/mL) for cancer deaths. Higher concentrations beyond these cutoffs were associated with significantly lower risks for all-cause mortality and specific causes of death compared to concentrations below the cutoffs [</span><a style=\"text-decoration:none;\" href=\"https://academic.oup.com/jcem/article/105/10/e3606/5867168?login=false\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc;\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000;\">].</span></li><li style=\"list-style-type:disc;\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Several studies, including two large meta-analyses, found that 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels higher than 30 ng/mL were associated with maximally reduced mortality [</span><a style=\"text-decoration:none;\" href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24690623/\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc;\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000;\">, </span><a style=\"text-decoration:none;\" href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24922127/\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc;\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000;\">, </span><a style=\"text-decoration:none;\" href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3701270/\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc;\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000;\">, </span><a style=\"text-decoration:none;\" href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25332334/\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc;\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000;\">, </span><a style=\"text-decoration:none;\" href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24423347/\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc;\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000;\">, </span><a style=\"text-decoration:none;\" href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3252547/\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc;\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000;\">].</span></li></ul><p style=\"margin-left:48px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><img src=\"https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/DzQfMKM5NifHnuN_xiLRPrFuQYX0FnhZP49iBeqTVVo1_DizU5IIfx2vC-aB69XTbUN4PMOMcumuwQzUTXF6_jhiffjZlQ5bVTG3v9XJVxRT6kFYbu0oZxfQmwzzx5jj31Ww_qxNsauxK7kqmoNXny4\" width=\"624\" height=\"765\"></span></p><ul><li><span style=\"color:#000000;\">According to a large study, some body's biological clues may help assess our biological age, which is a measure of how well our body is functioning compared to how long we have lived. By analyzing 60 different blood markers of around 300,000 people, less than 20 markers turned out useful, including the vitamin D level. According to the results, a higher vitamin D level is associated with lower biological age and mortality, with no specific upper limit [</span><a style=\"text-decoration:none;\" href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-023-05456-z\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc;\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000;\">].</span></li></ul><p><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Based on these findings, the reference range of vitamin D associated with the lowest all-cause mortality is above 30 ng/mL. The upper limit is less clear. It's important to note that individual health factors and geographic locations (which can influence sun exposure and vitamin D synthesis) may affect where within this range is optimal for any given individual.</span></p>",
"range_categories": [
{
"id": "8a06bde4-c8aa-4eba-b3d7-0fcb52b228b3",
"name": "Critical Low",
"color": "red",
"description": ""
},
{
"id": "d820b8ba-e042-4980-9d08-1905fa26336d",
"name": "Suboptimal",
"color": "yellow",
"description": ""
},
{
"id": "46b78337-1cd3-42b2-9c9a-45dee8b2e9e0",
"name": "Low",
"color": "orange",
"description": ""
},
{
"id": "b87cd77f-d995-4d1d-997f-58780010be0e",
"name": "Optimal",
"color": "green",
"description": ""
},
{
"id": "8696dc98-eebd-404a-9321-0b6623627e1c",
"name": "High",
"color": "orange",
"description": ""
},
{
"id": "21cc7cc3-72db-4f96-95ff-e3c010bf0953",
"name": "Critical High",
"color": "red",
"description": ""
}
],
"lab_recommendations": [
{
"id": "c3e1cf73-2ad3-416d-a33c-596466917149",
"recommendation_id": "sunlight-exposure",
"connection": "positive",
"name": "Sunlight Exposure",
"description": "<p>Sunlight exposure provides the body with essential vitamin D when the skin is exposed to UVB rays. Vitamin D is crucial for bone health, immune function, and mood regulation. <span style=\"color:#000000\">It can also help regulate circadian rhythms. </span></p>\n\n <p> </p>\n\n <p style=\"text-align:justify\"><a href=\"https://selfhacked.com/blog/avoiding-sun-will-kill-14-proven-science-based-health-benefits-sun/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><strong><u>Sunlight</u></strong></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\"><strong> or bright light during the day can benefit your body and mind.</strong></span><span style=\"color:#000000\"> It may [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2290997/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3897598/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18815716/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">]:</span></p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Boost your mood </span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Boost your performance and energy</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Improve sleep quality</span></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Experts recommend getting </span><span style=\"color:#000000\"><strong>at least</strong></span><span style=\"color:#000000\"> </span><span style=\"color:#000000\"><strong>5-15 minutes of midday sun, 2-3 times per week</strong></span><span style=\"color:#000000\">. People with darker skin and those living at high latitudes may need longer periods of sun exposure [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2290997/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7049620/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">].</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">However, </span><span style=\"color:#000000\"><strong>excessive sun exposure may lead to sunburn, skin aging, and skin cancer</strong></span><span style=\"color:#000000\">, so make sure to find the right balance [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5129901/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16580055/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">].</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\"><strong>Light therapy is an option when you can’t get sufficient sunlight.</strong></span><span style=\"color:#000000\"> It typically involves placing a “light box” nearby for 30 minutes each morning. A light therapy box should [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16041296\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4673349/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/seasonal-affective-disorder/in-depth/seasonal-affective-disorder-treatment/art-20048298\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">]:</span></p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Provide 10,000 lux of light</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Filter out UV light</span></li>\r\n</ul>",
"illustration": "",
"recommendation_type": "lifestyle",
"related_marker_id": null,
"how_it_helps": "<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">A </span><span style=\"color:#000000\"><u>meta-analysis of 15 studies</u></span><span style=\"color:#000000\"> found that </span><span style=\"color:#000000\"><strong>parcial (~10%) body surface exposure to sunlight increases vitamin D levels more effectively than whole body surface exposure. Moderate UV doses were sufficient</strong></span><span style=\"color:#000000\"> [</span><a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29374754/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">].</span></p>\n\n<p> </p>\n\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">A </span><span style=\"color:#000000\"><u>meta-analysis of 7 studies</u></span><span style=\"color:#000000\"> found that sunlight exposure i</span><span style=\"color:#000000\"><strong>ncreases vitamin D levels, but less effectively than vitamin D supplementation. The difference was lower in studies using long-term sun exposure or applied UVB treatment instead of direct sunlight</strong></span><span style=\"color:#000000\"> [</span><a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31107101/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">].</span></p>",
"how_to_take": "<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">Expose your skin to direct sunlight for about 10-30 minutes several times per week, preferably during midday when the sun is strongest. Adjust duration based on your skin sensitivity and local climate to avoid sunburn.</span></p>",
"side_effects": [
{
"id": "a89a5a10-33a1-4f29-8311-c6c7271adacc",
"name": "Photoaging",
"description": "<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">Chronic exposure to sunlight can cause photoaging, where the skin suffers damage from UV radiation, leading to dark spots and loss of elasticity.</span></p>",
"prevalence": "common"
},
{
"id": "1e9452b4-cb6a-47b0-8da7-d8248ac59211",
"name": "Premature skin aging",
"description": "<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">Frequent exposure to sunlight can accelerate the aging process of the skin, leading to early wrinkles and leathery skin.</span></p>",
"prevalence": "common"
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...
],
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{
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"recommendation_id": "reduce-organochlorine-pesticide-exposure",
"connection": "positive",
"name": "Avoid Organochlorine Pesticide Exposure",
"description": "<p>Reducing organochlorine pesticide exposure involves minimizing contact with pesticides like DDT, which can accumulate in the body and potentially lead to adverse health effects, including disruption of hormonal functions and carcinogenicity.</p>",
"illustration": "",
"recommendation_type": "lifestyle",
"related_marker_id": null,
"how_it_helps": "<p>Reducing organochlorine pesticide exposure is important for improved vitamin D levels as these pesticides are known to interfere with your body's ability to create and use this nutrient. The pesticides can reduce vitamin D's effectiveness leading to deficiencies which can in turn lead to various health problems.</p>\n\n<p> </p>\n\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">A </span><span style=\"color:#000000\"><u>study of 1,275 participants</u></span><span style=\"color:#000000\"> associated </span><span style=\"color:#000000\"><strong>p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDE, and β-hexachlorocyclohexane with lower serum vitamin D levels</strong></span><span style=\"color:#000000\">. The effects of p,p'-DDT were </span><span style=\"color:#000000\"><strong>strongest in subjects who were old, white, and with chronic conditions</strong></span><span style=\"color:#000000\"> [</span><a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22295072/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">].</span></p>",
"how_to_take": "<p><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Minimize exposure by choosing organic fruits and vegetables, thoroughly washing produce before consumption, and avoiding areas where organochlorine pesticides are applied. Consider using air purifiers in homes close to agricultural areas to reduce indoor pesticide levels.</span></p>",
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"matched_range_id": "c32992d6-d6ae-2e54-cb73-ecb19e787af5",
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{
"id": "ca8c4693-0ffc-55c1-5ab9-c566cd679f89",
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"health_effects_title": "Critical below",
"health_effects_text": "<p><span style=\" \">Your vitamin D levels are very low.</span></p><p><br></p><p><span style=\" \">Levels in this range signal severe vitamin D deficiency. Your doctor will interpret your results, taking into account your medical history, symptoms, and other test results.</span></p><p><br></p><p><span style=\" \">One of the major causes of low vitamin D levels is inadequate exposure to UV radiation from the sun, which prevents the skin from producing enough vitamin D. Specific risk factors include:</span></p><ul><li><span style=\" \">Living at high latitudes (>37°) [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21147944\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18767337\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16529140\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">]</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Living in regions where there are large seasonal changes in sun exposure </span><span style=\" \">[</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2839537\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">]</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Living in areas with high levels of air pollution, which blocks out sunlight [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12138058\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">]</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Over-use of sunscreen </span><span style=\" \">[</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK56061/\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">]</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Having darker skin </span><span style=\" \">[</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2698590/\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3447083/\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">]</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Keeping the skin covered up (in colder climates or certain cultures) </span><span style=\" \">[</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22415337\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3772916/\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">]</span></li></ul><p><br></p><p><span style=\" \">Inadequate dietary intake is another major cause of vitamin D deficiency </span><span style=\" \">[</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16529140\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">]. Studies suggest that </span><span style=\" \">people on a vegan diet, as well as pregnant women and breast-feeding children who are not on vitamin D supplementation may be at a higher risk of dietary insufficiency </span><span style=\" \">[</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8237875\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1949171/\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17600035\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">].</span></p><p><br></p><p><span style=\" \">Other factors that can lower vitamin D levels include:</span></p><ul><li><span style=\" \">Obesity and old age. These can interfere with the production and absorption of vitamin D </span><span style=\" \">[</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12519845\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21646368\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12920346\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">].</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Malabsorption of vitamin D in gut diseases (Crohn’s disease, ulcerous colitis, and celiac disease)</span><span style=\" \"> [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26316334\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3805278/\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">]</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Smoking </span><span style=\" \">[</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10602348\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26773985\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">]</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Kidney disease [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21384086\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">]</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Liver disease [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21384086\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">]</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Some drugs, including anti-seizure medication [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5623087/\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">]</span></li></ul><p><br></p><p><span style=\" \">Causes shown here are commonly associated with low vitamin D levels. Work with your doctor or another health care professional to get an accurate diagnosis.</span></p><p><br></p><p><span style=\" \">Symptoms of low vitamin D levels include </span><span style=\" \">[</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2912737/\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">]:</span></p><ul><li><span style=\" \">Bone pain</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Muscle pain</span></li><li><span style=\" \">General weakness</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Depression</span></li></ul><p><br></p>",
"suggestions": "<p><span style=\" \">The most important thing is to work with your doctor to find out what's causing your low vitamin D levels and to treat any underlying conditions. The additional lifestyle changes listed below are other things you may want to discuss with your doctor. None of these strategies should ever be done in place of what your doctor recommends or prescribes!</span></p><p><br></p><p><span style=\" \">The easiest way you can boost vitamin D levels is by getting more sun, especially if you have a darker skin tone. However, never go overboard with sun exposure, as excess UV radiation can cause skin cancer [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3356951/\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK56061/\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16443061\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">]. Also, keep in mind that sunscreen blocks out the UV rays that make vitamin D in your skin.</span></p><p><br></p><p><span style=\" \">Implement a healthy diet and exercise program to help you lose weight if you are overweight [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22402737/\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">].</span></p><p><br></p><p><span style=\" \">Eat more foods that contain vitamin D. Food sources that are naturally rich in vitamin D include [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK56061/#ch3.s2\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">]:</span></p><ul><li><span style=\" \">Fatty fish, such as salmon and tuna</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Egg yolks</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Cheese</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Mushrooms</span></li></ul><p><br></p><p><span style=\" \">Although relatively few foods naturally contain large amounts of vitamin D, many common foods are often enriched with vitamin D, such as dairy, soy milk, orange juice and some cereals </span><span style=\" \">[</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK56061/#ch3.s2\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">]. </span></p><p><br></p><p><span style=\" \">Quit or at least reduce smoking, as it can reduce vitamin D levels [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10602348\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26773985\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">].</span></p><p><br></p><p><span style=\" \">If your medications are likely to lower vitamin D levels, discuss alternative options with your doctor [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5623087\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">].</span></p><p><br></p><p><span style=\" \">Discuss vitamin D3 supplements with your doctor. Vitamin D supplements can be taken with foods high in fat to enhance absorption [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3798924/\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25441954\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4657387/\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">].</span></p>",
"work_with_your_doctor_text": "<p>The most important thing is to work with your doctor to find out what's causing your low vitamin D levels and to treat any underlying conditions. The additional lifestyle changes listed below are other things you may want to discuss with your doctor. None of these strategies should ever be done in place of what your doctor recommends or prescribes!</p>",
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"marker_id": "988a0c48-5979-91d1-7000-368d2534c02d",
"health_effects_title": "Normal below",
"health_effects_text": "<p>Your vitamin D levels are lower than optimal. </p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>Levels in this range are sometimes referred to as vitamin D insufficiency [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3012634/\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5440113/\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]. Your doctor will interpret your results, taking into account your medical history, symptoms, and other test results.</p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>One of the major causes of lower vitamin D levels is inadequate exposure to UV radiation from the sun, which prevents the skin from producing enough vitamin D. Specific risk factors include:</p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li>Living at high latitudes (>37°) [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21147944\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18767337\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16529140\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]</li>\r\n\t<li>Living in regions where there are large seasonal changes in sun exposure [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2839537\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]</li>\r\n\t<li>Living in areas with high levels of air pollution, which blocks out sunlight [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12138058\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]</li>\r\n\t<li>Over-use of sunscreen [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK56061/\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]</li>\r\n\t<li>Having darker skin [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2698590/\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3447083/\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]</li>\r\n\t<li>Keeping the skin covered up (in colder climates or certain cultures) [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22415337\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3772916/\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>Inadequate dietary intake is another major cause of vitamin D insuficiency [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16529140\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]. Studies suggest that people on a vegan diet, as well as pregnant women and breast-feeding children who are not on vitamin D supplementation may be at a higher risk of dietary insufficiency [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8237875\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1949171/\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17600035\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>].</p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>Other factors that can lower vitamin D levels include:</p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li>Obesity and old age. These can interfere with the production and absorption of vitamin D [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12519845\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21646368\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12920346\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>].</li>\r\n\t<li>Malabsorption of vitamin D in gut diseases (Crohn’s disease, ulcerous colitis, and celiac disease) [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26316334\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3805278/\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]</li>\r\n\t<li>Smoking [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10602348\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26773985\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]</li>\r\n\t<li>Kidney disease [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21384086\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]</li>\r\n\t<li>Liver disease [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21384086\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]</li>\r\n\t<li>Some drugs, including anti-seizure medication [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5623087/\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>Symptoms of low vitamin D levels include [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2912737/\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]:</p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li>Bone pain</li>\r\n\t<li>Muscle pain</li>\r\n\t<li>General weakness</li>\r\n\t<li>Depression</li>\r\n</ul>",
"suggestions": "<p>Work with your doctor to treat any underlying conditions. </p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>Discuss the lifestyle changes listed below with your doctor. None of these strategies should ever be done in place of what your doctor recommends or prescribes!</p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>The easiest way you can boost vitamin D levels is by getting more sun, especially if you have a darker skin tone. However, never go overboard with sun exposure, as excess UV radiation can cause skin cancer [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3356951/\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK56061/\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16443061\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]. Also, keep in mind that sunscreen blocks out the UV rays that make vitamin D in your skin.</p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>Implement a healthy diet and exercise program to help you lose weight if you are overweight [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22402737/\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>].</p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>Eat more foods that contain vitamin D. Food sources that are naturally rich in vitamin D include [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK56061/#ch3.s2\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]:</p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li>Fatty fish, such as salmon and tuna</li>\r\n\t<li>Egg yolks</li>\r\n\t<li>Cheese</li>\r\n\t<li>Mushrooms</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>Although relatively few foods naturally contain large amounts of vitamin D, many common foods are often enriched with vitamin D, such as dairy, soy milk, orange juice and some cereals [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK56061/#ch3.s2\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]. </p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>Quit or at least reduce smoking, as it can reduce vitamin D levels [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10602348\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26773985\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>].</p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>If your medications are likely to lower vitamin D levels, discuss alternative options with your doctor [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5623087\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>].</p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>Discuss vitamin D3 supplements with your doctor. Vitamin D supplements can be taken with foods high in fat to enhance absorption [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3798924/\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25441954\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4657387/\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>].</p>",
"work_with_your_doctor_text": "<p>Work with your doctor to treat any underlying conditions. </p>",
"numeric_range": {
"lower": 20.0,
"upper": 30.0,
"bounds": "[)"
},
},
{
"id": "b9a09b6c-4ab5-88e9-177c-3c5968fea496",
"range_category_id": "46b78337-1cd3-42b2-9c9a-45dee8b2e9e0",
"marker_id": "988a0c48-5979-91d1-7000-368d2534c02d",
"health_effects_title": "Bad below",
"health_effects_text": "<p>Your vitamin D levels are lower than normal.</p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>Low vitamin D levels signal vitamin D deficiency. Your doctor will interpret your results, taking into account your medical history, symptoms, and other test results.</p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>One of the major causes of low vitamin D levels is inadequate exposure to UV radiation from the sun, which prevents the skin from producing enough vitamin D. Specific risk factors include:</p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li>Living at high latitudes (>37°) [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21147944\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18767337\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16529140\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]</li>\r\n\t<li>Living in regions where there are large seasonal changes in sun exposure [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2839537\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]</li>\r\n\t<li>Living in areas with high levels of air pollution, which blocks out sunlight [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12138058\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]</li>\r\n\t<li>Over-use of sunscreen [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK56061/\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]</li>\r\n\t<li>Having darker skin [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2698590/\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3447083/\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]</li>\r\n\t<li>Keeping the skin covered up (in colder climates or certain cultures) [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22415337\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3772916/\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>Inadequate dietary intake is another major cause of vitamin D deficiency [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16529140\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]. Studies suggest that people on a vegan diet, as well as pregnant women and breast-feeding children who are not on vitamin D supplementation may be at a higher risk of dietary insufficiency [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8237875\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1949171/\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17600035\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>].</p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>Other factors that can lower vitamin D levels include:</p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li>Obesity and old age. These can interfere with the production and absorption of vitamin D [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12519845\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21646368\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12920346\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>].</li>\r\n\t<li>Malabsorption of vitamin D in gut diseases (Crohn’s disease, ulcerous colitis, and celiac disease) [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26316334\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3805278/\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]</li>\r\n\t<li>Smoking [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10602348\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26773985\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]</li>\r\n\t<li>Kidney disease [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21384086\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]</li>\r\n\t<li>Liver disease [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21384086\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]</li>\r\n\t<li>Some drugs, including anti-seizure medication [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5623087/\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>Causes shown here are commonly associated with low vitamin D levels. Work with your doctor or another health care professional to get an accurate diagnosis.</p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>Symptoms of low vitamin D levels include [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2912737/\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]:</p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li>Bone pain</li>\r\n\t<li>Muscle pain</li>\r\n\t<li>General weakness</li>\r\n\t<li>Depression</li>\r\n</ul>",
"suggestions": "<p>The most important thing is to work with your doctor to find out what's causing your low vitamin D levels and to treat any underlying conditions. The additional lifestyle changes listed below are other things you may want to discuss with your doctor. None of these strategies should ever be done in place of what your doctor recommends or prescribes!</p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>The easiest way you can boost vitamin D levels is by getting more sun, especially if you have a darker skin tone. However, never go overboard with sun exposure, as excess UV radiation can cause skin cancer [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3356951/\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK56061/\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16443061\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]. Also, keep in mind that sunscreen blocks out the UV rays that make vitamin D in your skin.</p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>Implement a healthy diet and exercise program to help you lose weight if you are overweight [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22402737/\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>].</p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>Eat more foods that contain vitamin D. Food sources that are naturally rich in vitamin D include [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK56061/#ch3.s2\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]:</p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li>Fatty fish, such as salmon and tuna</li>\r\n\t<li>Egg yolks</li>\r\n\t<li>Cheese</li>\r\n\t<li>Mushrooms</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>Although relatively few foods naturally contain large amounts of vitamin D, many common foods are often enriched with vitamin D, such as dairy, soy milk, orange juice and some cereals [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK56061/#ch3.s2\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]. </p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>Quit or at least reduce smoking, as it can reduce vitamin D levels [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10602348\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26773985\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>].</p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>If your medications are likely to lower vitamin D levels, discuss alternative options with your doctor [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5623087\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>].</p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>Discuss vitamin D3 supplements with your doctor. Vitamin D supplements can be taken with foods high in fat to enhance absorption [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3798924/\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25441954\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4657387/\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>].</p>",
"work_with_your_doctor_text": "<p>The most important thing is to work with your doctor to find out what's causing your low vitamin D levels and to treat any underlying conditions. The additional lifestyle changes listed below are other things you may want to discuss with your doctor. None of these strategies should ever be done in place of what your doctor recommends or prescribes!</p>",
"numeric_range": {
"lower": 10.0,
"upper": 20.0,
"bounds": "()"
},
},
{
"id": "b63c536a-9514-7064-db2a-64ceb28ea5e3",
"range_category_id": "b87cd77f-d995-4d1d-997f-58780010be0e",
"marker_id": "988a0c48-5979-91d1-7000-368d2534c02d",
"health_effects_title": "Within optimal",
"health_effects_text": "<p><span style=\" \">Your vitamin D levels are optimal [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24690623\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28207791\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22573406\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23666975\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">].</span></p>",
"suggestions": "<p>Your result is optimal, you don’t need any recommendations here.</p>",
"work_with_your_doctor_text": "",
"numeric_range": {
"lower": 30.0,
"upper": 75.0,
"bounds": "[]"
},
},
{
"id": "93173665-ac7c-fb97-db21-c32e5ad4915b",
"range_category_id": "8696dc98-eebd-404a-9321-0b6623627e1c",
"marker_id": "988a0c48-5979-91d1-7000-368d2534c02d",
"health_effects_title": "Bad above",
"health_effects_text": "<p><span style=\" \">Your vitamin D levels are higher than normal!</span></p><p><br></p><p><span style=\" \">It is rare to have too much vitamin D. The most common cause is excessive supplementation as sun exposure usually does not lead to toxic levels of vitamin D [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3798924/\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">].</span></p><p><br></p><p><span style=\" \">High vitamin D levels can cause vitamin D toxicity. </span><span style=\" \">This happens because of a buildup of calcium in the blood (hypercalcemia), which in turn causes the symptoms associated with high vitamin D levels. These symptoms can include </span><span style=\" \">[</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3798924/\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">]:</span></p><ul><li><span style=\" \">Nausea and vomiting</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Loss of appetite</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Constipation and diarrhea</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Tiredness</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Confusion</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Headaches</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Muscle and joint pain</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Bone pain</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Weakness</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Nervousness and itching</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Irregular heart beat</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Frequent urination and feeling thirsty </span></li></ul><p><br></p><p><span style=\" \">Work with your doctor or another health care professional to address high vitamin D levels.</span></p>",
"suggestions": "<p><span style=\" \">The easiest way to reduce elevated levels is to stop taking vitamin D supplements [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22734293\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">]. But it's also important to work with your doctor to address potential consequences of high vitamin D levels. </span></p><p><br></p><p><span style=\" \">Your doctor may prescribe a diet low in calcium and phosphorus, since vitamin D increases the absorption of these minerals. In addition, you may need to take intravenous fluids and medications, such as corticosteroids, diuretics, or bisphosphonates</span><span style=\" \"> </span><span style=\" \">[</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22734293\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">]. </span></p>",
"work_with_your_doctor_text": "<p>The easiest way to reduce elevated levels is to stop taking vitamin D supplements [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22734293\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>]. But it's also important to work with your doctor to address potential consequences of high vitamin D levels. </p>\n\n<p> </p>\n\n<p>Your doctor may prescribe a diet low in calcium and phosphorus, since vitamin D increases the absorption of these minerals. In addition, you may need to take intravenous fluids and medications, such as corticosteroids, diuretics, or bisphosphonates [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22734293\" target=\"_blank\">R</a>].</p>",
"numeric_range": {
"lower": 75.0,
"upper": 150.0,
"bounds": "(]"
},
},
{
"id": "c1cb8a08-bccd-b0be-6c87-b47ac8b49518",
"range_category_id": "21cc7cc3-72db-4f96-95ff-e3c010bf0953",
"marker_id": "988a0c48-5979-91d1-7000-368d2534c02d",
"health_effects_title": "Critical above",
"health_effects_text": "<p><span style=\" \">Your vitamin D levels are dangerously high! Seek medical attention immediately!</span></p><p><br></p><p><span style=\" \">High vitamin D levels cause vitamin D toxicity!</span></p><p><br></p><p><span style=\" \">The main consequence of vitamin D toxicity is a buildup of calcium in your blood (hypercalcemia), which in turn causes the symptoms associated with high vitamin D levels. These symptoms can include </span><span style=\" \">[</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3798924/\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">]:</span></p><ul><li><span style=\" \">Nausea and vomiting</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Loss of appetite</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Constipation and diarrhea</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Tiredness</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Confusion</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Headaches</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Muscle and joint pain</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Bone pain</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Weakness</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Nervousness and itching</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Irregular heart beat</span></li><li><span style=\" \">Frequent urination and feeling thirsty </span></li><li><span style=\" \">Kidney stones</span></li></ul><p><br></p><p><span style=\" \">Work with your doctor or another health care professional to address high vitamin D levels!</span></p>",
"suggestions": "<p><span style=\" \">Vitamin D toxicity can be a serious condition. Work with your doctor to address potential consequences of high vitamin D levels! </span></p><p><br></p><p><span style=\" \">Stop taking vitamin D supplements [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22734293\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">].</span></p><p><br></p><p><span style=\" \">Your doctor may prescribe a diet low in calcium and phosphorus, since vitamin D increases the absorption of these minerals. In addition, you may need to take intravenous fluids and medications, such as corticosteroids, diuretics, or bisphosphonates</span><span style=\" \"> </span><span style=\" \">[</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22734293\" target=\"_blank\" style=\" \">R</a><span style=\" \">]. </span></p>",
"work_with_your_doctor_text": "<p>Vitamin D toxicity can be a serious condition. Work with your doctor to address the potential consequences of high vitamin D levels! </p>",
"numeric_range": {
"lower": 150.0,
"upper": 500.0,
"bounds": "(]"
},
}
]
}
]
marker_units and units
marker_units holds the relationship between the marker and the units, while units holds the list of units with names.
numeric_ranges and range_categories
To display a complete picture of where a result's value lies in with respect to the ranges associated with the marker, the numeric_ranges field contains all the ranges of the marker, with each range tied to a range category. The range category contains the range name and color. Other fields within the numeric range cover the bounds of the range, along with some help texts explaining the health effects and suggestions should a profile's result fall under the said range. work_with_your_doctor_text text is an additional text field that acts as a notice to work with a doctor and seek professional advice in case of problematic results, customised with respect to each range.
lab_recommendations
The lab recommendation details are returned for the all the recommendations associated with the marker.
results
All the results associated with the marker and profile provided in the query parameters are returned. As mentioned above, you can upload multiple results against the same marker, for the same profile, with different dates.
The result fields are the same as the ones returned from the result listing endpoint discussed above, with few additions mentioned below.
Each result has a list of associated lab recommendations, whose details you can look up from lab_recommendations field. Usually, sub-optimal or bad results have recommendations tied to them to help you improve them, as can be seen in the response above, while optimal results have no recommendations.
Each result also contains the matched_range_id, along with ranges, which is the list of numeric range IDs associated with the marker. You can look up the details from the numeric_ranges field discussed above for the matched range and other ranges.
Sample request for discrete marker
GET /composed-marker-result/?profile_id=1c9d1277-464c-438b-8006-3d9d49e8f14b&marker_id=a5a6c4ee-0ac9-d45f-654b-10529873ea63
Sample response for discrete marker
[
{
"id": "a5a6c4ee-0ac9-d45f-654b-10529873ea63",
"name": "Protein, Urine",
"synonyms": [
"Urine protein",
"Urinary protein",
"Urine Protein"
],
"resource_type": "DiscreteMarker",
"reports": [
"1e940b0d-53bf-4dd9-9fbc-5bbe5bb300c8",
"5d892d18-6aeb-4c95-ae6b-ea1c33854126",
"...",
],
"need_time_of_day": false,
"need_menstrual_phase": false,
"discrete_values": [
{
"id": "4462ebfc-5f91-5ef0-9cfb-ac6e7687a66e",
"name": "Positive"
},
{
"id": "7b89296c-6dcb-ac50-0857-7eb1924770d3",
"name": "Negative"
}
],
"description": "<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">This test detects protein in your urine.</span> You can purchase this lab test through the complete urinalysis lab panel.</p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">A urine protein test is normally used to help monitor kidney function and diagnose kidney diseases. It may also help detect conditions that cause proteinuria (abnormally high protein levels in your urine) [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1942114/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3100287/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">].</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">The most basic screening test for protein in the urine is the urine dipstick test, which is frequently used during a routine physical. If your results show that you have high protein levels in your urine, a 24-hour urine protein test or a protein-to-creatinine ratio can subsequently be ordered to further determine total urine protein levels [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1942114/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">].</span></p>",
"related_markers": [],
"area": [
"reproductive health",
"inflammation & autoimmunity",
"...",
],
"reference_range_explained": "<p style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">The optimal level of urine protein is its complete absence (a negative result) or trace amounts of it. Persistent detection of urine protein can be a sign of kidney disease. Studies on microalbuminuria in diabetes suggest its predictive power for kidney disease and mortality [</span><a href=\"https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(82)92450-3/fulltext\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">].</span></p>",
"range_categories": [
{
"id": "b37b2cc9-98be-49b4-912e-29b6956ad631",
"name": "Negative",
"color": "green",
"description": ""
},
{
"id": "7a999871-3ed9-47b6-8de9-ba4f3310b443",
"name": "Positive",
"color": "red",
"description": ""
}
],
"lab_recommendations": [
{
"id": "808d03cb-09a6-4ff7-a6ef-e406883490a4",
"recommendation_id": "astragalus",
"connection": "positive",
"name": "Astragalus",
"description": "<p>Astragalus is an herb used in traditional Chinese medicine. It is believed to have immune-boosting properties and may help reduce stress and support overall vitality.</p><p> </p><p><a style=\"text-decoration:none;\" href=\"https://supplements.selfdecode.com/blog/astragalus/\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc;\"><u>Astragalus</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><i> (Astragalus membranaceus</i>)<i> </i>is an herb used in traditional Chinese medicine. It is commonly used for “tonifying Qi” or fatigue. It may help [</span><a style=\"text-decoration:none;\" href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27773802\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc;\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000;\">, </span><a style=\"text-decoration:none;\" href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26916911/\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc;\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000;\">]:</span></p><ul><li style=\"list-style-type:disc;\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Reduce inflammation </span></li><li style=\"list-style-type:disc;\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Fight </span><a style=\"text-decoration:none;\" href=\"https://health.selfdecode.com/blog/oxidative-stress-101/\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc;\"><u>oxidative stress</u></span></a></li></ul><p><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Astragalus root is a staple of traditional Chinese medicine, where it is also known as <i>Huang Qi</i>.</span></p>",
"illustration": "",
"recommendation_type": "supplement",
"related_marker_id": null,
"how_it_helps": "<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">Astragalus injection may reduce urine protein in people with kidney disease</span><span style=\"color:#000000\"> [</span><a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20951192/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">].</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>",
"how_to_take": "<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">Take a 500 mg astragalus supplement once daily with a meal. Continue this regimen for at least 4 to 6 weeks to evaluate its effectiveness on your overall health.</span></p>",
"side_effects": [
{
"id": "80537dbc-2558-43b1-9fb8-1d5ad12a3ba9",
"name": "Interference with immune function",
"description": "<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">Astragalus may affect the immune system, potentially interfering with the effectiveness of immunosuppressive drugs.</span></p>",
"prevalence": "uncommon"
},
{
"id": "86caf113-360c-4ccb-90da-7be706fc14a6",
"name": "Allergic reactions",
"description": "<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">Some individuals may experience allergic reactions to astragalus, which can include rash, itching, and in severe cases, difficulty breathing.</span></p>",
"prevalence": "uncommon"
},
...
],
"is_avoidance_recommendation": false,
"is_treatment_recommendation": true,
"is_prevention_recommendation": false,
"default_frequency_value": 1,
"default_frequency_unit": "day",
"default_duration_value": 12,
"default_duration_unit": "week",
"marker_id": "a5a6c4ee-0ac9-d45f-654b-10529873ea63"
},
{
"id": "8e55c27a-f027-458e-a2e4-35423baf2ea9",
"recommendation_id": "avoid-strenuous-activity",
"connection": "positive",
"name": "Avoid Strenuous Activity",
"description": "<p>Avoiding strenuous physical activity in certain medical conditions or during illness can help prevent injury and promote better recovery. It allows the body to conserve energy and supports the healing process.</p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Strenuous activity is physical activity that requires a lot of effort. Exercise done at 70-85% of a person’s heart rate is considered strenuous. Examples include [</span><a href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/physical/pdf/pa_intensity_table_2_1.pdf\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">]:</span></p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Running, cycling, or swimming at high speed</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Running or hiking uphill</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Jumping rope</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Single tennis</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Sports that involve a lot of running (soccer, basketball, hockey, etc.)</span></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">On the other hand, strenuous daily activities include [</span><a href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/physical/pdf/pa_intensity_table_2_1.pdf\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">]:</span></p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Lifting and carrying heavy objects</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Gardening with heavy digging</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Shoveling snow</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Fast dancing</span></li>\r\n</ul>",
"illustration": "",
"recommendation_type": "lifestyle",
"related_marker_id": null,
"how_it_helps": "<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">Exercise can cause protein to appear in your urine [</span><a href=\"https://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/0315/p1153.html\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11011862\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6425769/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">]</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">Exercise, especially high intensity training and muscular work, subjects the body to physical stress and dehydration. These conditions can cause changes in the kidneys. The result is the elimination of proteins via urine for a short period of time [</span><a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18089464/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33120965/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">].</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">Make sure you are well-hydrated and refrain from strenuous or intense exercise before your urine test.</span></p>",
"how_to_take": "<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">Refrain from participating in high-intensity physical activities such as running, heavy weightlifting, and high-impact sports. Opt instead for low-impact exercises like walking, swimming, or yoga. It's important to listen to your body's signals and rest as needed, avoiding these strenuous activities until advised otherwise by a health professional.</span></p>",
"side_effects": [],
"is_avoidance_recommendation": true,
"is_treatment_recommendation": true,
"is_prevention_recommendation": true,
"default_frequency_value": null,
"default_frequency_unit": null,
"default_duration_value": null,
"default_duration_unit": null,
"marker_id": "a5a6c4ee-0ac9-d45f-654b-10529873ea63"
},
...
],
"results": [
{
"id": "4e856b35-7d49-44be-a6f4-3e057342abc7",
"profile_id": "1c9d1277-464c-438b-8006-3d9d49e8f14b",
"taken_at": "2024-06-27",
"time_of_day": null,
"menstrual_phase": null,
"marker_id": "a5a6c4ee-0ac9-d45f-654b-10529873ea63",
"synonym": "Protein, Urine",
"is_most_recent": true,
"ranges": [
"3bafb51f-23c3-ef2d-2b1a-4f230bb47836",
"20d989a7-6836-c7c5-657e-8bbdb9521c01"
],
"matched_range_id": "3bafb51f-23c3-ef2d-2b1a-4f230bb47836",
"matched_range_name": "Negative",
"color": "green",
"lab_recommendation_ids": [],
"lab_recommendation_slugs": [],
"discrete_value_id": "7b89296c-6dcb-ac50-0857-7eb1924770d3",
"discrete_value_str": "Negative"
}
],
"discrete_ranges": [
{
"id": "3bafb51f-23c3-ef2d-2b1a-4f230bb47836",
"range_category_id": "b37b2cc9-98be-49b4-912e-29b6956ad631",
"marker_id": "a5a6c4ee-0ac9-d45f-654b-10529873ea63",
"health_effects_title": "Negative",
"health_effects_text": "<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">Your result is negative.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">This means that you most likely don't have proteinuria (protein wasting in urine) [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1942114/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">]. </span></p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">False-negative results can occur with [</span><a href=\"https://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/0315/p1153.html#afp20050315p1153-t3\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">]:</span></p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Acidic urine</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Diluted urine or urine with low specific gravity</span></li>\r\n</ul>",
"suggestions": "",
"work_with_your_doctor_text": "",
"discrete_values": [
"7b89296c-6dcb-ac50-0857-7eb1924770d3"
]
},
{
"id": "20d989a7-6836-c7c5-657e-8bbdb9521c01",
"range_category_id": "7a999871-3ed9-47b6-8de9-ba4f3310b443",
"marker_id": "a5a6c4ee-0ac9-d45f-654b-10529873ea63",
"health_effects_title": "Positive",
"health_effects_text": "<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">You have high levels of protein in your urine.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">High urine protein levels can be an indicator of kidney damage and/or disease. However, a positive result doesn't necessarily mean that you have a health condition needing treatment. Your doctor will interpret your results, taking into account your medical history, symptoms, and other test results [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22137726\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMHT0023180/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">].</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">Benign causes of proteinuria include:</span></p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Dehydration [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11011862\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">]</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Fever [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11011862\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6425769/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC6107750/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22028262/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">]</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Strenuous exercise [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11011862\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6425769/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">]</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Exposure to extreme cold [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6425769/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">]</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Prolonged standing or orthostatic proteinuria [</span><a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9167649/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562308/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">]</span></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">Other causes of protein wasting include:</span></p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">High blood pressure (hypertension) [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3687933\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1830030\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12424428\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">]</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Diabetes [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18793166\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3622199\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3556105\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">]</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">A diet high in sodium [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4448958/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4189688/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">]</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Smoking [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12324904\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3342637/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">]</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">High alcohol consumption [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29600409\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26902169\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">]</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Major injury [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2879505\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3281556\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">]</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Chronic kidney disease [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3100287/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">]</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Heart failure [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2069887\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6638086\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">]</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Hyperthyroidism [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3313737/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">]</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Abnormal destruction of red blood cells, in conditions such as sickle cell disease [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3269478/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">]</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Exposure to toxins and heavy metals [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5454951/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3780642\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20354761\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">]</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Autoimmune diseases, such as lupus, IgA nephropathy or Goodpasture syndrome [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7564115\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/2551/goodpasture-syndrome\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3367561\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">] </span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Protein buildup in tissues (amyloidosis, a rare disease) [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3482077/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4387359/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">]</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Cancer, including kidney cancer and multiple myeloma [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27018509\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2124083\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">]</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Drugs that can damage the kidneys, including anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), antibiotics, medicines for high blood pressure, some analgesics, and chemotherapeutics [</span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2014171/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4034033/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6100174\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2938590/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5584263/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9167649/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/0315/p1153.html\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/0315/p1153.html#afp20050315p1153-t3\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">]</span></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">Causes shown here are commonly associated with urinary protein wasting. Work with your doctor or another health care professional to get an accurate diagnosis.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">These can cause a false positive result [</span><a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9167649/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">]: </span></p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">The presence of blood in urine</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Concentrated urine due to dehydration</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">High urine pH</span></li>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type:disc\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Sexual intercourse (in men) [</span><a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18931541/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">, </span><a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16336346/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\"><u>R</u></span></a><span style=\"color:#000000\">]</span></li>\r\n</ul>",
"suggestions": "<p>The most important thing is to work with your doctor to find out what's causing protein wasting and to treat any underlying conditions. The additional lifestyle changes listed below are other things you may want to discuss with your doctor. None of these strategies should ever be done in place of what your doctor recommends or prescribes!</p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>Decrease animal proteins, such as eggs, meats, fish, and shellfish. Instead, try to increase your intake of soy protein. Studies suggest these changes may favorably affect kidney function and decrease protein wasting [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27759735\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18184902/\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>].</p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>According to research, eating a low sodium diet may also help decrease urine protein levels [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4448958/\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4189688/\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4255393/\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>].</p>\r\n\r\n<p> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>Quit smoking [<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12324904\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>, <a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3342637/\" style=\" \" target=\"_blank\">R</a>].</p>",
"work_with_your_doctor_text": "<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">The most important thing is to work with your doctor to find out what's causing protein wasting and to treat any underlying conditions. The additional lifestyle changes listed below are other things you may want to discuss with your doctor. None of these strategies should ever be done in place of what your doctor recommends or prescribes!</span></p>",
"discrete_values": [
"4462ebfc-5f91-5ef0-9cfb-ac6e7687a66e"
]
}
]
}
]
Most fields are same as that for composed numeric result, with numeric_ranges replaced by discrete_ranges and marker_units + units replaced by discrete_values.
Marker result detail page illustration
To get an idea of how the fields returned from the composed-marker-result endpoint can be used to present a detailed result of a particular marker on a web page, please refer to the illustration below, which pinpoints how certain fields correspond to certain UI elements and text
Deleting lab marker results
To delete the uploaded results, use the /numeric-result/bulk-delete/ and /discrete-result/bulk-delete/ endpoints.
Sample request payload
[
{"id": "7c7fe6f3-47a7-4499-b769-9b720bfb87d0"},
{"id": "c991b30d-9c3a-491f-bb3e-e10faed99662"}
]